I have a steel gate with no post it would bolt through a 1/2 inch peice of metal will this work.

Probably. But in order to fasten the arm you would have to cut through the metal in a couple places for fasteners (screws, bolt or whatever) so on the latch arm that head will be exposed on the side you are trying to keep people out of so you would have to choose a small carriage bolt etc. so that it could be tampered with on the outside. That would be my only thought on that. Other than that you would only need to drill through in three places to install the lock box and latch

Does Gatelock market/sell the same design, but for a "gate swinging out"?

It is the same lock used for gates swinging in and swinging out. Please call us directly with any questions you may have: (844) 608-5553. Thank you, Yardlock

I need a longer gate latch (approx 8-9"). Do you sell longer gate latches?

I'm not sure what you mean by longer latch. There is a cable between the device and the latch. It can be lengthened, I imagine, if your fence is that thick.

If the lock is installed higher than 44", does it create a problem for the stability of the fence or gate?

The Gate Lock can be mounted at any height that is convenient to the owner. We recommend that the lock should be no less than 18” from the top of the gate. The Gate Lock does not in any way effect the stability of the fence or post.