Rubbish!: The Archaeology of Garbage

"Rubbish" is a highly academic book about "The Garbage Project" at the University of Arizona's Anthropology Department. The main idea behind "The Garbage Project" is to gain information about society by analyzing garbage patterns in various locations.Despite being a book about garbage, the contents of the book are quite diverse. The book is divided into 4 parts. The first section, An Introduction to the Garbage Project, gives the background of "The Garbage Project", why it started, what they do, and what they hope to accomplish. This section also discusses how anthropologists use garbage to learn about ancient civilizations. The second section, The Landfill Excavations, discuss the basic theories of landfills, how the team takes samples from landfills, and discusses why biodegradation does not work in landfills. The third section, Interlude: Diapers and Demographics, I found to be highly entertaining. This section has a fascinating chapter on estimating the population of a neighborhood (as well as sex and age) based on the garbage collected from this neighborhood (a study done to initially help the Census Bureau). This section is also filled with useless information such as "There is a link between owning a cat and reading "The National Enquirer"". There is also a detailed discussion about disposable diapers in landfills. The final section, Garbage and the Future, was the most educational by far. This part discusses the serious shortcomings of citywide recycling programs and side effects people never hear about. There are also discussions on alternate garbage disposal methods, such as high tech incinerators used to generate electricity, as well as several other attempts at using technology to turn garbage into a useful product. The section and the book end with a chapter on reducing and addressing garbage disposal.I think this book will not be for everyone. The book reads like a Master's Thesis at times, rather long and seems to ramble. However, some parts of the book are exceptional (such as the chapter on recycling or "Closing the Loop") and are really an eye opener.I'd recommend this book to anyone interested in Environmental Sciences. Also, if you can manage to wade through pages of various scientific theories and facts, I'd highly recommend picking this book up! While a little slow reading at times, it is quite informative and I think a real eye opener.

This book is great for exploding the myths about garbage that people carry around. It is especially good at proving wrong the idea that the United States is a particularly wasteful society.For instance, this book shows that disposable diapers are not a big problem in landfills -- they make up less than 2% of landfill garbage. The human waste in diapers should not even be of concern -- landfills accept sewer sludge and septic waste -- in other words: loose, uncontained liquid waste. Landfills are good for disposing of that stuff.Another example: Nothing you throw away in a trash can is going to biodegrade. Landfills are dry places on purpose, and biodegradation is a wet process. If you want something to biodegrade, start composting it.Last one: Recycling happens when recycling makes a profit. There are markets in everything, and recycling is by no means a new thing. Recycling is expensive and often produces toxic byproducts, so keep it all in mind. Also -- newspapers and construction debris are the big culprit in landfills. But there are no good-paying markets for recycling those items, so they sit.Mostly, this book is great or showing how often IDEALISM equals IGNORANCE. Good iintentions don't yield good results.

This is an overview of the University of Arizona's continuing trash sorting project started in 1972 to document the lifestyle habits of the American public through observing what we eat, what we use in household goods, etc., and then throw out. Socio, political and economic behaviors become evident while recording the fascinating finds in daily trash digging, probing, and quantifying.This project also included studies at the now closed Fresh Kills landfill on Staten Island in New York City where holes were bored all the way to the bottom of the fill and where the studies then took on a more ominous dimension of environmental impact discoveries such as: that the breakdown of trash, even over years, is a myth. The research showed that there is little biodegradation occurring due to compaction and lack of bacterial decomposition, so the researchers found completely intact and recognizable items from food to readable newsprint- even at the bottom of the heap where it was at least 50 years old- same type discoveries of intact trash heaps discovered in ancient Rome, Greece, etc.Most distressing of the discoveries in the landfill was the discovery of the huge quantity of "leachate"- a toxic liquid stew, that is leaking at the rate of a million gallons a day into New York Harbor.The book concludes with recommendations on alternatives to landfill as a means to dispose of trash plus recycling and lifestyle changes.For another enlightening read on all things trash, there is Elizabeth Royte's "Garbage Land"- a personal story of discovery of what her family's trash footprint is and where everything including recyclables ends up- a real eye-opener and an entertaining read!

Using a rigorous application of the scientific method without any bias, this book shatters virtually every popular myth about garbage (and "recycling") and tells us much more about ourselves and our trashy behavior than most people would ever want to know. Some of the "statistics" quoted may have changed a few percentage points over time since the original publication date, but the entire premise of the book remains both eye-opening and completely valid. Virtually everthing we think we know about our ancestors has been derived from the study of their trash, and we will be judged by future generations the same way, by the incredible amount of junk we leave in our wake.